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Measuring your foot accurately is essential when buying new shoes to ensure a proper fit and comfort. Start by placing your foot on a flat surface with your heel against a wall. Use a ruler or measuring tape to measure the length of your foot from the heel to the tip of your longest toe. It is also important to measure the width of your foot across the widest part, usually near the toes. Take measurements in the evening when your feet are more likely to be swollen, as this will help avoid buying shoes that are too tight. When purchasing shoes, make sure there is enough space in the toe box for your toes to move freely and that the shoes fit snugly around the heel without slipping. If you have foot pain from wearing shoes that do not fit correctly, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can offer effective relief tips, and guide you on how to properly measure your feet.

Getting the right shoe size is an important part of proper foot health. Seek the assistance of Vincent, Vess from Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Getting the Right Shoe Size

There are many people who wear shoes that are the incorrect size, negatively affecting their feet and posture. Selecting the right shoes is not a difficult process, so long as you keep several things in mind when it comes to choosing the right pair.

• When visiting the shoe store, use the tools available to measure your foot.
• Be sure there is ‘wiggle room’. There should be about an inch between your toes and the tip of your shoes.
• Do not always assume you are the same size, as manufacturers run differently.
• Purchase shoes later in the day, as your feet swell as the day progresses.
• If a shoe is not comfortable, it is not suitable. Most shoes can’t be ‘broken in’, and comfort should be the ultimate goal when it comes to choosing the right pair of shoes

As our feet hold our body weight and keep us moving, it is important to treat them right. Picking the right pair of shoes can provide your feet comfort and mobility without pain.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Ankle sprains occur when the ligaments in the ankle are stretched or torn, usually due to twisting or rolling the foot. Sprains are classified into three grades. Grade 1 is mild, where ligaments are stretched, causing mild pain and swelling. Grade 2 is moderate, with partial tearing of ligaments, and moderate pain, swelling, and bruising. Grade 3 is severe, with complete ligament tears, resulting in significant pain, swelling, bruising, and instability. Common symptoms of an ankle sprain include pain, swelling, bruising, limited range of motion, and difficulty walking. The most common causes are sports injuries, uneven surfaces, or sudden twists of the ankle. Treatment typically involves rest and elevation, along with pain relief and targeted exercises to restore strength and flexibility. In severe cases, a podiatrist may recommend immobilization or surgery. If you have suffered an ankle sprain, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a thorough evaluation and treatment plan to prevent further injury and ensure a speedy recovery.

Ankle sprains are common but need immediate attention. If you need your feet checked, contact Vincent, Vess from Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

How Does an Ankle Sprain Occur?

Ankle sprains take place when the ligaments in your ankle are torn or stretched beyond their limits. There are multiple ways that the ankle can become injured, including twisting or rolling over onto your ankle, putting undue stress on it, or causing trauma to the ankle itself.

What Are the Symptoms?

• Mild to moderate bruising
• Limited mobility
• Swelling
• Discoloration of the skin (depending on severity)

Preventing a Sprain

• Wearing appropriate shoes for the occasion
• Stretching before exercises and sports
• Knowing your limits

Treatment of a Sprain

Treatment of a sprain depends on the severity.  Many times, people are told to rest and remain off their feet completely, while others are given an air cast. If the sprain is very severe, surgery may be required.

If you have suffered an ankle sprain previously, you may want to consider additional support such as a brace and regular exercises to strengthen the ankle.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Bone spurs are bony growths that form along the edges of foot bones, often in areas where joints and ligaments meet. Heel spurs are a common type of bone spur, often causing pain and discomfort. They typically develop due to repetitive stress, aging, or conditions like arthritis, plantar fasciitis, or obesity. Over time, heel spurs can cause discomfort, particularly when they irritate nearby tissues. Common symptoms of heel spurs include pain, swelling, and inflammation, particularly when walking or standing for long periods. In some cases, certain types of bone spurs may not cause any symptoms and may only be discovered during an X-ray for another condition. Treatment for heel spurs may involve conservative measures like rest, anti-inflammatory medications, and custom orthotics to relieve pressure. In severe cases, targeted exercises or surgery may be necessary to remove the spur and restore function. A podiatrist can evaluate your condition, recommend appropriate treatments, and help manage pain. If you are experiencing foot pain or suspect a heel spur, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a proper diagnosis and care plan.

Heel spurs can be incredibly painful and sometimes may make you unable to participate in physical activities. To get medical care for your heel spurs, contact Vincent, Vess from Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will do everything possible to treat your condition.

Heels Spurs

Heel spurs are formed by calcium deposits on the back of the foot where the heel is. This can also be caused by small fragments of bone breaking off one section of the foot, attaching onto the back of the foot. Heel spurs can also be bone growth on the back of the foot and may grow in the direction of the arch of the foot.

Older individuals usually suffer from heel spurs and pain sometimes intensifies with age. One of the main condition's spurs are related to is plantar fasciitis.

Pain

The pain associated with spurs is often because of weight placed on the feet. When someone is walking, their entire weight is concentrated on the feet. Bone spurs then have the tendency to affect other bones and tissues around the foot. As the pain continues, the feet will become tender and sensitive over time.

Treatments

There are many ways to treat heel spurs. If one is suffering from heel spurs in conjunction with pain, there are several methods for healing. Medication, surgery, and herbal care are some options.

If you have any questions feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the latest in diagnostic and treatment technology to meet your needs.

Stress fractures in the feet often occur subtly, making them challenging to detect without professional evaluation from a podiatrist. These hairline cracks in the bones of the feet develop gradually, often caused by an increase in physical activity. People who are especially active, like runners and other athletes, older adults, and those with low bone density are at a higher risk for foot stress fractures. Common symptoms include pain that intensifies during or after activity, swelling, and tenderness in the affected area. Unlike typical bone fractures, stress fractures may not immediately show up on X-rays, often taking several weeks to become visible. Podiatrists can accurately diagnose stress fractures by using imaging methods, such as bone scans or MRIs, to ensure the right treatment plan. They may recommend rest, support devices, or other interventions to help the bone heal and prevent further complications. If you have foot pain that may be caused by a stress fracture, it is suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for appropriate treatment.

Activities where too much pressure is put on the feet can cause stress fractures. To learn more, contact Vincent, Vess from Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep your pain free and on your feet.

Dealing with Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle

Stress fractures occur in the foot and ankle when muscles in these areas weaken from too much or too little use.  The feet and ankles then lose support when walking or running from the impact of the ground. Since there is no protection, the bones receive the full impact of each step. Stress on the feet can cause cracks to form in the bones, thus creating stress fractures.

What Are Stress Fractures?

Stress fractures occur frequently in individuals whose daily activities cause great impact on the feet and ankles. Stress factors are most common among:

• Runners                                  
• People affected with Osteoporosis
• Tennis or basketball players
• Gymnasts
• High impact workouts

Symptoms

Pain from the fractures occur in the area of the fractures and can be constant or intermittent. It will often cause sharp or dull pain with swelling and tenderness. Engaging in any kind of activity which involves high impact will aggravate pain.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

While most people associate gout with the big toe, it can also affect the ankle joint. Gout causes intense pain, swelling, and stiffness due to the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joint. When uric acid levels in the blood rise, sharp crystals may form in the ankle, which can make walking and basic activities challenging. Risk factors for gout include consuming foods high in purines, such as red meat, organ meats, and certain seafood, as well as sugary drinks and alcohol, which can elevate uric acid levels. Ankle gout may flare up unpredictably, causing severe discomfort that can last for days or even weeks. A podiatrist can help to manage gout through specific measures. Certain medications can be prescribed that reduce inflammation and changes to diet and lifestyle choices may also be suggested. If not properly managed, gout-related inflammation can lead to lasting damage to the ankle joint. If your ankle is in severe pain, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam, diagnosis, and treatment.

Gout is a painful condition that can be treated. If you are seeking treatment, contact Vincent, Vess from Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will treat your foot and ankle needs.

What Is Gout?

Gout is a form of arthritis that is characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain, redness, and tenderness in the joints. The condition usually affects the joint at the base of the big toe. A gout attack can occur at any random time, such as the middle of the night while you are asleep.

Symptoms

• Intense Joint Pain - Usually around the large joint of your big toe, and it most severe within the first four to twelve hours
• Lingering Discomfort - Joint discomfort may last from a few days to a few weeks
• Inflammation and Redness -Affected joints may become swollen, tender, warm and red
• Limited Range of Motion - May experience a decrease in joint mobility

Risk Factors

• Genetics - If family members have gout, you’re more likely to have it
• Medications - Diuretic medications can raise uric acid levels
• Gender/Age - Gout is more common in men until the age of 60. It is believed that estrogen protects women until that point
• Diet - Eating red meat and shellfish increases your risk
• Alcohol - Having more than two alcoholic drinks per day increases your risk
• Obesity - Obese people are at a higher risk for gout

Prior to visiting your podiatrist to receive treatment for gout, there are a few things you should do beforehand. If you have gout you should write down your symptoms--including when they started and how often you experience them, important medical information you may have, and any questions you may have. Writing down these three things will help your podiatrist in assessing your specific situation so that he or she may provide the best route of treatment for you.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Tinea unguium, also known as onychomycosis, is a fungal infection that affects the nails, particularly the toenails. This condition causes changes in the appearance of the nails, which may become thickened, discolored, and brittle. Infected nails can also separate from the nail bed, causing discomfort and potential pain. The primary cause of tinea unguium is the overgrowth of fungi, particularly dermatophytes, which thrive in warm and moist environments. Risk factors include wearing tight footwear, having a history of athlete's foot, and compromised immune systems. Poor hygiene can also contribute to the development of this infection. Recognizing the symptoms early is essential for effective treatment, as untreated cases can lead to more severe complications. If you have toenail fungus symptoms, it is suggested that you consult with a podiatrist who can offer you prescribed medication for effective treatment.

For more information about treatment, contact Vincent, Vess of Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Toenail Fungus Treatment

Toenail fungus is a condition that affects many people and can be especially hard to get rid of. Fortunately, there are several methods to go about treating and avoiding it.

Antifungals & Deterrence

Oral antifungal medicine has been shown to be effective in many cases. It is important to consult with a podiatrist to determine the proper regiment for you, or potentially explore other options.

Applying foot powder on the feet and shoes helps keep the feet free of moisture and sweat.

Sandals or open toed shoes – Wearing these will allow air movement and help keep feet dry. They also expose your feet to light, which fungus cannot tolerate. Socks with moisture wicking material also help as well.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic tools and technology to treat your foot and ankle needs.

Toe, foot, and ankle problems in children often arise from acute or overuse injuries. Acute injuries happen suddenly, typically from accidents or falls during play or sports. Examples include sprained ankles, where the ligaments are overstretched or torn, and fractures, which involve broken bones in the foot or ankle. These injuries usually cause immediate pain, swelling, and difficulty walking or standing. Overuse injuries develop gradually from repetitive activities. Common examples in children include plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, and stress fractures, often resulting from sports that involve running or jumping. Wearing poor footwear, improper technique, or a sudden increase in activity can also contribute to these issues. Both types of injuries require appropriate care, from rest, and for more serious conditions, professional treatment by a podiatrist.  If your child has sustained an injury to their ankles or feet that are not healing in a timely way, it is strongly suggested that you visit a podiatrist who can provide a proper diagnosis and treatment plans to prevent further complications, and ensure healthy development.

The health of a child’s feet is vital to their overall well-being. If you have any questions regarding foot health, contact Vincent, Vess of Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Tips for Keeping Children's Feet Healthy

• Make sure their shoes fit properly
• Look for any signs of in-toeing or out-toeing
• Check to see if they have Clubfoot (condition that affects your child’s foot and ankle, twisting the heel and toes inward) which is one of the most common nonmajor birth defects.
• Lightly cover your baby’s feet (Tight covers may keep your baby from moving their feet freely, and could prevent normal development)
• Allow your toddler to go shoeless (Shoes can be restricting for a young child’s foot)
• Cut toenails straight across to avoid ingrown toenails
• Keep your child’s foot clean and dry
• Cover cuts and scrapes. Wash any scratches with soap and water and cover them with a bandage until they’ve healed.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Corns are a common skin condition, with distinct characteristics and causes. Corns are thickened patches of skin that develop due to friction or pressure, often on the toes or soles. They are usually smaller than warts and have a hard center surrounded by inflamed skin. Symptoms of problematic corns include localized pain and tenderness. Wearing shoes with plenty of room for the toes is the best way to prevent corns. If your toes cannot wiggle and move around, the shoes are likely too tight. Persistent corns that cause significant discomfort may require medical intervention. A podiatrist may recommend cryotherapy, laser treatment, or surgical removal. If you have corns that do not improve, it is suggested you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a thorough evaluation and effective treatment options.

If you have any concerns regarding your feet and ankles, contact Vincent, Vess of Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will treat your foot and ankle needs.

Corns: What Are They? and How Do You Get Rid of Them?
Corns can be described as areas of the skin that have thickened to the point of becoming painful or irritating. They are often layers and layers of the skin that have become dry and rough, and are normally smaller than calluses.

Ways to Prevent Corns
There are many ways to get rid of painful corns such as wearing:

• Well-fitting socks
• Comfortable shoes that are not tight around your foot
• Shoes that offer support

Treating Corns
Treatment of corns involves removing the dead skin that has built up in the specific area of the foot. Consult with Our doctor to determine the best treatment option for your case of corns.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Same level falls occur when individuals trip, slip, or stumble on surfaces at the same height they are standing on, often leading to injuries that can affect productivity and morale. To prevent these incidents in the workplace, it is vital to implement several strategies. First, using appropriate flooring can significantly reduce the risk. Non-slip surfaces are ideal in high-traffic areas. Regularly removing obstacles such as clutter, cords, and equipment can create a safer environment. Promptly cleaning up spills and ensuring that wet floors are marked with clear signage is essential for alerting employees to potential hazards. Additionally, wearing protective gear, such as slip-resistant shoes, can further enhance safety. Falling can seriously impact the feet, which may cause a loss of work and wages. If you have had a foot injury from falling, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can treat various foot injuries, and guide you on appropriate fall prevention methods in the work environment.

Preventing falls among the elderly is very important. If you are older and have fallen or fear that you are prone to falling, consult with Vincent, Vess from Fourth River Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality advice and care.

Every 11 seconds, an elderly American is being treated in an emergency room for a fall related injury. Falls are the leading cause of head and hip injuries for those 65 and older. Due to decreases in strength, balance, senses, and lack of awareness, elderly persons are very susceptible to falling. Thankfully, there are a number of things older persons can do to prevent falls.

How to Prevent Falls

Some effective methods that older persons can do to prevent falls include:

• Enrolling in strength and balance exercise program to increase balance and strength
• Periodically having your sight and hearing checked
• Discuss any medications you have with a doctor to see if it increases the risk of falling
• Clearing the house of falling hazards and installing devices like grab bars and railings
• Utilizing a walker or cane
• Wearing shoes that provide good support and cushioning
• Talking to family members about falling and increasing awareness

Falling can be a traumatic and embarrassing experience for elderly persons; this can make them less willing to leave the house, and less willing to talk to someone about their fears of falling. Doing such things, however, will increase the likelihood of tripping or losing one’s balance. Knowing the causes of falling and how to prevent them is the best way to mitigate the risk of serious injury.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Pittsburgh, White Oak, and McKeesport,PA . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.